美國(guó)威格士VICKERS柱塞泵
柱塞泵（piston pump，plunger pump）屬于容積式泵，往復(fù)泵。柱塞泵通過(guò)柱塞在柱塞缸體中作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)造成柱塞缸體中密封容積的變化而產(chǎn)生的壓力差而使流體介質(zhì)進(jìn)行工作。改變柱塞的工作行程就可以控制柱塞泵流量的大小。柱塞泵是液壓和氣動(dòng)傳動(dòng)中重要工作部件。常見(jiàn)的柱塞泵分為徑向柱塞泵，軸向柱塞泵。柱塞泵柱塞往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)總行程L是不變的，由凸輪的升程決定。柱塞每循環(huán)的供油量大小取決于供油行程,供油行程不受凸輪軸控制是可變的。供油開(kāi)始時(shí)刻不隨供油行程的變化而變化。轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)柱塞可改變供油終了時(shí)刻，從而改變供油量。柱塞泵工作時(shí)，在噴油泵凸輪軸上的凸輪與柱塞彈簧的作用下，迫使柱塞作上、下往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，從而完成泵油任務(wù)，泵油過(guò)程可分為以下三個(gè)階段。
進(jìn)油過(guò)程
當(dāng)凸輪的凸起部分轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去后，在彈簧力的作用下，柱塞向下運(yùn)動(dòng)，柱塞上部空間（稱(chēng)為泵油室）產(chǎn)生真空度，當(dāng)柱塞上端面把柱塞套上的進(jìn)油孔打開(kāi)后，充滿(mǎn)在油泵上體油道內(nèi)的柴油經(jīng)油孔進(jìn)入泵油室，柱塞運(yùn)動(dòng)到下止點(diǎn)，進(jìn)油結(jié)束。
供油過(guò)程
當(dāng)凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)到凸輪的凸起部分頂起滾輪體時(shí)，柱塞彈簧被壓縮，柱塞向上運(yùn)動(dòng)，燃油受壓，一部分燃油經(jīng)油孔流回噴油泵上體油腔。當(dāng)柱塞頂面遮住套筒上進(jìn)油孔的上緣時(shí)，由于柱塞和套筒的配合間隙很小（0.0015-0.0025mm）使柱塞頂部的泵油室成為一個(gè)密封油腔，柱塞繼續(xù)上升，泵油室內(nèi)的油壓迅速升高，泵油壓力>出油閥彈簧力+高壓油管剩余壓力時(shí)，推開(kāi)出油閥，高壓柴油經(jīng)出油閥進(jìn)入高壓油管，通過(guò)噴油器噴入燃燒室。
回油過(guò)程
柱塞向上供油，當(dāng)上行到柱塞上的斜槽（停供邊）與套筒上的回油孔相通時(shí)，泵油室低壓油路便與柱塞頭部的中孔和徑向孔及斜槽溝通，油壓驟然下降，出油閥在彈簧力的作用下迅速關(guān)閉，停止供油。此后柱塞還要上行，當(dāng)凸輪的凸起部分轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去后，在彈簧的作用下，柱塞又下行。此時(shí)便開(kāi)始了下一個(gè)循環(huán)。
柱塞泵以一個(gè)柱塞為原理介紹，一個(gè)柱塞泵上有兩個(gè)單向閥，并且方向相反，柱塞向一個(gè)方向運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)缸內(nèi)出現(xiàn)負(fù)壓，這時(shí)一個(gè)單向閥打開(kāi)液體被吸入缸內(nèi)，柱塞向另一個(gè)方向運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，將液體壓縮后另一個(gè)單向閥被打開(kāi)，被吸入缸內(nèi)的液體被排出。這種工作方式連續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)后就形成了連續(xù)供油 。
美國(guó)威格士VICKERS柱塞泵
威格士柱塞泵的維護(hù)
威格士斜盤(pán)式軸向柱塞泵一般采用缸體轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)、端面配流的形式。缸體端面上鑲有一塊由雙金屬板與鋼配油盤(pán)組成的摩擦副，而且大多數(shù)是采用平面配流的方法，所以維修比較方便。配油盤(pán)是軸向柱塞泵的關(guān)鍵部件之一，泵工作時(shí)，一方面工作腔的高壓油把缸體推向配油盤(pán)，另一方面配油盤(pán)和缸體間的油膜壓力形成對(duì)缸體的液壓反推力使缸體背離配油盤(pán)。缸體對(duì)配油盤(pán)的設(shè)計(jì)液壓壓緊力Fn略大于配油盤(pán)對(duì)缸體的液壓反推力Ff，即Fn/Ff=1.05~1.1，使泵工作正常并保持較高的容積效率。 實(shí)際上，由于油液的污染，往往使配油盤(pán)與缸體之間產(chǎn)生輕微磨損。
威格士液壓柱塞泵靠氣壓供油的液壓油箱，在每次啟動(dòng)機(jī)器后，必須等液壓漬箱達(dá)到使用氣壓后，才能操作機(jī)械。直軸斜盤(pán)式柱塞泵分為壓力供油型的自吸油型兩種。壓力供油型液壓泵大都采用有氣壓的油箱，也有液壓泵本身帶有補(bǔ)油分泵向液壓泵進(jìn)油口提供壓力油的。自吸油型液壓泵的自吸油能力很強(qiáng)，無(wú)需外力供油。對(duì)于自吸油型柱塞泵，液壓油箱內(nèi)的油液不得低于油標(biāo)下限，要保持足夠數(shù)量的液壓油。液壓油的清潔度越高，液壓泵的使用壽命越長(zhǎng)。
美國(guó)威格士VICKERS柱塞泵
VICKERS威格士PVH081柱塞泵型號(hào):
PVH081R52AA10B252000001001AA010A   PVH81C-RF-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH081R02AA10E252014001001AA010A   PVH81C-RF-2S-11-C25VT14-31
PVH081R01AA10A230000001001AA010A   PVH81C-RF-1S-11-C23-31
PVH081R02AA10B21200000100100010A   PVH81C-RF-2S-10-C21V-31
PVH081R01AA10A230000001001AE010A   PVH81QIC-RF-1S-11-C23-31
PVH081R01AA10A230000002001AE010A   PVH81QIC-RSF-1S-11-C23-31
VICKERS威格士PVH131柱塞泵型號(hào)
PVH131L12AF30B282000001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-12D-11-C28V-31
PVH131L12AF30B252000001AD100010A   PVH131C-LAF-12S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L12AF30B252000001AD1BG010A   PVH131C-LAF-12S-10-C25V-31-159
PVH131L12AF30K250000001AD100010A   PVH131C-LAF-12S-10-EDC25-10
PVH131L12AF30A130000AG1AD1AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-12S-11-C13-31
PVH131L16AF30A250000001AD100010A   PVH131C-LAF-16S-10-C25-31
PVH131L16AF30B252000001AD100010A   PVH131C-LAF-16S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L16AF30D180006001AT1AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-16S-11-C18T6-31-CD-031
PVH131L16AF30D250004001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-16S-11-C25T4-31
PVH131L02AF30B212000001AD200010A   PVH131C-LAF-2D-10-C21V-31-036
PVH131L02AF30B212000001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-2D-11-C21V-31-036
PVH131L03AF30E272015001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-3D-11-C27VT15-31
PVH131L03AF30A250000001AD100010A   PVH131C-LAF-3S-10-C25-31
PVH131L03AF30B252000001AD100010A   PVH131C-LAF-3S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L03AF30E252004001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-3S-11-C25VT4-31
PVH131L03AF30F282014001AT1AA010A   PVH131C-LAF-3S-11-C28VT14S-31-31
PVH131L12AF30B252000001AJ200010A   PVH131C-LBF-12D-10-C25V-31
PVH131L12AF30B252000001AJ100010A   PVH131C-LBF-12S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L12AF30B252000001AY100010A   PVH131C-LBF-12S-10-C25V-31-114
PVH131L12AF30B502000001AJ1AA010A   PVH131C-LBF-12S-11-C31V-31
PVH131L02AF30B162000001AJ1AA010A   PVH131C-LBF-2S-11-C16V-31
PVH131L02AF30B252000001AJ1AA010A   PVH131C-LBF-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH131L03AF30B252000001AJ1AA010A   PVH131C-LBF-3S-11-C25V-31
PVH131L12AF30B252000001AM2AA010A   PVH131C-LCF-12D-11-C25V-31
PVH131L12AF30B482000001AA1AA010A   PVH131C-LCF-12S-11-C275V-31-CD-114
PVH131L16AF30B252000001AM100010A   PVH131C-LCF-16S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L03AF30B252000001AM1AA010A   PVH131C-LCF-3S-11-C25V-31
PVH131L12AF30A250000001002AA010A   PVH131C-LF-12D-11-C25-31
PVH131L12AF30B25200000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-12S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L12AF30B252000001001AM010A   PVH131C-LF-12S-10-C25V-31-118
PVH131L33AF30B252000001002AA010A   PVH131C-LF-13D-11-C25V-31-259
PVH131L13AF30A25000000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-13S-10-C25-31
PVH131L13AF30B25200000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-13S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L13AF30B192000AK1001AA010A   PVH131C-LF-13S-11-C19V-31-188
PVH131L13AF30B252000001001AA010A   PVH131C-LF-13S-11-C25V-31
PVH131L29AF30B25200000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-29S-10-C25V-31-046
PVH131L29AF30B25340000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-29S-10-C25V34-31-CD-046
PVH131L02AF30B21200000100200010A   PVH131C-LF-2D-10-C21V-31-046
PVH131L02AF30B252000001002AA010A   PVH131C-LF-2D-11-C25V-31
PVH131L02AF30B252000001008AA010A   PVH131C-LF-2D-11-C25V-31-214
PVH131L02AF30B25200000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-2S-10-C25V-31-046
PVH131L02AF30B252000AL1001AP010A   PVH131C-LF-2S-10-C25V-31-208
PVH131L02AF30B192000AA1001AA010A   PVH131C-LF-2S-11-C19VB-31-CD
PVH131L02AF30B252000001001AA010A   PVH131C-LF-2S-11-C25V-31-046
PVH131L02AF30B253100001001AA010A   PVH131C-LF-2S-11-C25V31-31
PVH131L02AF30B282000AR1001AT010A   PVH131C-LF-2S-11-C28VB-31-220
PVH131L02AF30B282000BK1001AT010A   PVH131C-LF-2S-11-C28VB-31-255
PVH131L03AF30B172000001002AA010A   PVH131C-LF-3D-11-C17V-31
PVH131L03AF30A25000000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-3S-10-C25-31
PVH131L03AF30B25200000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-3S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L03AF30K25000000100100010A   PVH131C-LF-3S-10-EDC25-10
PVH131L03AF30E252015001001AA010A   PVH131C-LF-3S-11-C25VT15-31
PVH131L12AJ30B252000002001AA010A   PVH131C-LSF-12S-11-C25V-31
PVH131L13AF30A25000000200100010A   PVH131C-LSF-13S-10-C25-31
PVH131L02AJ30B252000002001AA010A   PVH131C-LSF-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH131L03AF30B25200000200100010A   PVH131C-LSF-3S-10-C25V-31
PVH131L03AF30B252000002001AP010A   PVH131C-LSF-3S-10-C25V-31-164
PVH131L03AF30B252000AL2001AP010A   PVH131C-LSF-3S-10-C25V-31-208
PVH131R12AF30B202000001AD200010A   PVH131C-RAF-12D-10-C20V-31
PVH131R12AF30B252000001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-12D-11-C25V-31
PVH131R12AF30B252000AA1AD2AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-12D-11-C25VB-31
PVH131R12AF30E252013001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-12D-11-C25VT13-31
PVH131R12AF30B332000001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-12D-11-C33V-31-039
PVH131R12AF30B252000001AD100010A   PVH131C-RAF-12S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R16AF30D250004001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-16D-11-C25T4-31
PVH131R16AF30A250000001AD100010A   PVH131C-RAF-16S-10-C25-31
PVH131R16AF30B252000001AD100010A   PVH131C-RAF-16S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R16AF30A070000001AD100010A   PVH131C-RAF-16S-10-CM7-31
PVH131R16AF30D250015001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-16S-11-C25T15-31
PVH131R16AF30C250004001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-16S-11-C25T4S-31
PVH131R16AF30B252000001AD1AN010A   PVH131C-RAF-16S-11-C25V-31-115
PVH131R16AF30E252004001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-16S-11-C25VT4-31
PVH131R02AF30B142000001AD200010A   PVH131C-RAF-2D-10-C14V-31-036
PVH131R02AF30A250000001AT1AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-2S-11-C25-31-196
PVH131R02AF30B252000001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-2S-11-C25V-31-036
PVH131R03AF30B252000001AD200010A   PVH131C-RAF-3D-10-C25V-31
PVH131R03AF30F282014001AD2AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-3D-11-C28VT14S-31
PVH131R03AF30A250000001AD100010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-10-C25-31
PVH131R03AF30B252000001AD100010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R03AF30B252000001AD1AP010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-10-C25V-31-164
PVH131R03AF30B252000001AD1AP010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-10-C25V-31-166
PVH131R03AF30B252000AL1AD1AP010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-10-C25V-31-208
PVH131R03AF30A070000001AD100010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-10-CM7-31
PVH131R03AF30A250000001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-11-C25-31
PVH131R03AF30E252008001AD1AA010A   PVH131C-RAF-3S-11-C25VT8-31
PVH131R12AF30B252000001AJ100010A   PVH131C-RBF-12S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R16AF30B211700001AY100010A   PVH131C-RBF-16S-10-C21V17-31-070
PVH131R16AF30E252012001AJ1AA010A   PVH131C-RBF-16S-11-C25VT12-31-CD
PVH131R03AF30B252000001AJ1AA010A   PVH131C-RBF-3S-11-C25V-31
PVH131R03AF30E252012001AJ1AA010A   PVH131C-RBF-3S-11-C25VT12-31-CD
VICKERS威格士PVH131柱塞泵型號(hào)
PVH131R13AF30A25000000100100010A   PVH131C-RF-13S-10-C25-31
PVH131R13AF30B25200000100100010A   PVH131C-RF-13S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R13AF30A250000001001AA010A   PVH131C-RF-13S-11-C25-31
PVH131R13AF30B252000001001AA010A   PVH131C-RF-13S-11-C25V-31
PVH131R13AF30A25000000200100010A   PVH131C-RSF-13S-10-C25-31
PVH131R13AF30B25200000200100010A   PVH131C-RSF-13S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R13AF30A250000001001AB010A   PVH131QIC-RF-13S-10-C25-31
PVH131R13AF30B252000001001AB010A   PVH131QIC-RF-13S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R13AF30A250000001001AE010A   PVH131QIC-RF-13S-11-C25-31
PVH131R13AF30B252000001001AE010A   PVH131QIC-RF-13S-11-C25V-31
PVH131R13AG30A250000001001AB010A   PVH131QIC-RM-13S-10-C25-31
PVH131R13AG30D250004001001AE010A   PVH131QIC-RM-13S-11-C25T4-31
PVH131R13AF30A250000002001AB010A   PVH131QIC-RSF-13S-10-C25-31
PVH131R13AF30B252000002001AB010A   PVH131QIC-RSF-13S-10-C25V-31
PVH131R13AF30A250000002001AE010A   PVH131QIC-RSF-13S-11-C25-31
VICKERS威格士PVH57柱塞泵型號(hào)
PVH057R01AA10A25000000100100010A   PVH57C-RF-1S-10-C25-31
PVH057R01AA10B25200000100100010A   PVH57C-RF-1S-10-C25V-31
PVH057R02AA10A25000000100100010A   PVH57C-RF-2S-10-C25-31
PVH057R02AA10B25200000100100010A   PVH57C-RF-2S-10-C25V-31
PVH057R02AA10A250000001001AA010A   PVH57C-RF-2S-11-C25-31
PVH057R02AA10B252000001001AA010A   PVH57C-RF-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH057R01AB10B252000001001AA010A   PVH57C-RM-1S-11-C25V-31
PVH057R02AB10B252000001001AA010A   PVH57C-RM-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH057R01AA10A25000000200100010A   PVH57C-RSF-1S-10-C25-31
PVH057R01AA10B25200000200100010A   PVH57C-RSF-1S-10-C25V-31
PVH057R02AA10A25000000200100010A   PVH57C-RSF-2S-10-C25-31
PVH057R02AA10B252000002001AA010A   PVH57C-RSF-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH057R01AA10A250000001001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RF-1S-10-C25-31
PVH057R01AA10B252000001001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RF-1S-10-C25V-31
PVH057R01AA10A250000001001AF010A   PVH57QIC-RF-1S-11-C25-31
PVH057R01AA10B252000001001AE010A   PVH57QIC-RF-1S-11-C25V-31
PVH057R02AA10A250000001001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RF-2S-10-C25-31
PVH057R02AA10B252000001001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RF-2S-10-C25V-31
PVH057R02AA10A250000001001AF010A   PVH57QIC-RF-2S-11-C25-31
PVH057R02AA10A250000001001AE010A   PVH57QIC-RF-2S-11-C25-31
PVH057R02AA10B252000001001AF010A   PVH57QIC-RF-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH057R02AA10B252000001001AE010A   PVH57QIC-RF-2S-11-C25V-31
PVH057R01AB10A250000001001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RM-1S-10-C25-31
PVH057R01AA10A250000002001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RSF-1S-10-C25-31
PVH057R01AA10B252000002001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RSF-1S-10-C25V-31
PVH057R01AA10A250000002001AE010A   PVH57QIC-RSF-1S-11-C25-31
PVH057R02AA10A250000002001AB010A   PVH57QIC-RSF-2S-10-C25-31
PVH057R01AB10A250000002001AE010A   PVH57QIC-RSM-1S-11-C25-31
VICKERS威格士PVH63柱塞泵型號(hào).
PVH063R01AA10H002000AW1001AB010A   PVH63QIC-RF-1S-10-IC-31
PVH063R01AA10D250008001001AE010A   PVH63QIC-RF-1S-11-C25T8-31
PVH063R51AA10AAF010A   PVH63QIC-RF-1S-11-CM7-31
PVH063R01AB10A250000001001AE010A   PVH63QIC-RM-1S-11-C25-31
PVH063R01AA10AAE010A   PVH63QIC-RSF-1S-11-CM7-31
PVH063R02AA10AAE010A   PVH63QIC-RSF-2S-11-CM7-31